Visa and MasterCard are global organisations. It seems very difficult for either or both organisations to discontinue processing of transactions issued by a handful of member banks. While it is relatively simple for the card organisations to delete the Bank Identification Numbers for certain banks from interchange processing tables, the transactions begin with merchants, who can't be expected to identify and refuse acceptance of cards issued by now excluded banks. Are the merchant and merchant banks to be left with the expense of transactions on cards issued by excluded banks?