Great Article, Karen It is amazing that in more than 4000 words about payment, the focus was mainly on Apple, Google and Samsung. It is fairly clear that Payment final has a new injection of technology and innovation and unfortunately (or probably fortunately) coming from outsiders to the payment industry. I am just wondering with the three leaders here are pure technology companies, where does that leave the likes of Visa and MasterCard. If we consider the mobile space where new devices and technologies are being pushed to the limit every year with new models, how long it would take to realize that you may be trying to drive race cars (Apple, Samsung and Google) on the village tracks as provided by the payment networks I think the real innovation will start when you start seeing the direct connectivity happening without going through a centralized switch that could not change fast enough to keep up with the new innovation I think the 3 parties that you mentioned above will be winners, they are known for their relentless pursuit of delivering services to their client and their consumers and payment is on one of the frontiers that they are stepping into. It is very similar to what Uber with their great innovation is changing the taxi and ride sharing concepts More to follow