15-Point Confidence Gap Splits High- and Low-Income Consumers

The new divide in consumer confidence is not whether Americans feel good about the economy, but whether they have enough income to turn that confidence into real spending power.

The report, “Income Divides: A Deep Dive on Household Income Differences in U.S. Consumer Expectations,” argues that household earnings now shape financial outlook more than almost any other factor in the newly-introduced PYMNTS Consumer Expectations Index. The index tracks personal financial resilience, buying climate and labor market security on a 0-to-100 scale, with 50 as neutral.

In February, households earning more than $150,000 posted an overall score of 63.1, while those earning less than $50,000 came in at 48. That 15-point gap has held for five straight months. The larger takeaway is not simply that higher earners feel better. It is that the U.S. consumer market is splitting into distinct financial realities, with each income band approaching spending, risk and financial planning from a very different place.

63.1 vs. 48: Consumers earning more than $150,000 scored 63.1 on the overall index in February, compared with 48 for households earning less than $50,000. That spread suggests confidence is no longer moving in a broad national wave. It is breaking along income lines, which matters for merchants, lenders and brands trying to read demand.

75 vs. 41: The sharpest gap in the report is emergency readiness. Households making $150,000 or more scored 75 on their ability to cover about $1,200 in unexpected expenses within a week. Those earning less than $50,000 scored 41. That points to a major difference in flexibility. Many lower-income consumers are still managing bills and debt, but they are doing so without much margin for emergencies.

80 vs. 86, but 40 vs. 54: Job security looks surprisingly stable across the income ladder, with lower-income consumers scoring 80 and top earners scoring 86 on confidence in keeping their current jobs. The larger separation appears in job mobility. Lower-income workers scored 40 on their ability to replace lost income quickly, while top earners scored 54. That means many people feel steady in the job they have, even if they do not feel especially free to move on from it.

That is where the report moves beyond the headline gap. It shows a consumer economy that still has pockets of resilience. Lower-income households posted a debt burden confidence score of 62, suggesting many consumers have become disciplined about managing what they owe, even in a strained environment. At the upper end, higher earners are not just more upbeat. Their optimism is backed by real financial capacity, including stronger savings and better emergency readiness.

For businesses, that creates an opening as much as a warning. The report suggests companies that tailor pricing, product design and messaging to these different income realities will have a better read on where demand is holding up and where consumers need more value, flexibility and reassurance. In that sense, the data is not only about financial stress. It is also a clearer map of how American households are adapting.

At PYMNTS Intelligence, we work with businesses to uncover insights that fuel intelligent, data-driven discussions on changing customer expectations, a more connected economy and the strategic shifts necessary to achieve outcomes. With rigorous research methodologies and unwavering commitment to objective quality, we offer trusted data to grow your business. As our partner, you’ll have access to our diverse team of PhDs, researchers, data analysts, number crunchers, subject matter veterans and editorial experts.