Jean Tirole, Apr 01, 2005
This primer analyzes factors that make ties more likely either to hurt or to benefit consumers. It first identifies factors that influence where the impact of tying on competition in the tied market stands, ranging from little impact on the rivals’ ability to compete to total exclusion of competitors. Then, after reviewing anticompetitive and efficiency-enhancing motives for tying, it argues that tying should be submitted to a rule of reason standard. Furthermore, tying should not be a distinct offense but considered as one possible mechanism of predation. Like many other corporate strategies that make one’s products attractive to consumers, tying has the potential of hurting competitors, and, therefore, is just one in a large range of strategies that can be employed to prey on them. Finally, the primer discusses the costs and benefits of adopting a predation-based standard.
Featured News
Bill Gates Urges Congress to Put AI Safeguards Into Law
Sep 27, 2026 by
CPI
Automattic, WordPress CEO Must Face Antitrust Claims in Trademark Dispute
Sep 27, 2026 by
CPI
Apple Faces Class Action Over Apple Pay Fees Charged to Banks
Sep 27, 2026 by
CPI
Linklaters Calls for Tougher UK Test on Antitrust Class Actions
Sep 27, 2026 by
CPI
France Raids Landscaping Firms in Competition Probe
Sep 27, 2026 by
CPI
Antitrust Mix by CPI
Antitrust Chronicle® – National Security
Sep 22, 2026 by
CPI
National Security in U.S. Antitrust Enforcement: Toward a More Disciplined Framework
Sep 22, 2026 by
Rod Rosenstein & Timothy Finley
The Department of War’s M&A Review Guidance: What Companies in the Defense Industry Need to Know
Sep 22, 2026 by
Eric Stocking & Paul Ney
National Security, Resilience and the Boundaries of Merger Control
Sep 22, 2026 by
Beatriz Marques
National Security and Competition: Building Resilient Telecommunications Networks
Sep 22, 2026 by
Roslyn Layton