Ex Ante Regulation of Digital Platforms?: Cautionary Tales From Telecommunications

Whether there should be increased antitrust enforcement, and/or ex ante regulation of heretofore lightly-regulated major high-tech companies has attached considerable academic, policy, and popular attention, both in the United States and internationally. Proposals for more vigorous intervention — by new ex ante regulation and/or stronger ex post antitrust enforcement — resemble measures implemented to accommodate the transition of the U.S. telecommunications from predominantly a regulated land