Ralph Winter, Apr 01, 2006
In this rejoinder, the author first responds to the discussion in Cooper, Froeb, O’Brien, and Vita’s Reply to Winter of a technical point, the relationship between retailer incentives and retailer margins, and then sets out their common ground and remaining differences on the broader theme of theory and evidence in vertical restraints cases. Cooper et al. stated in their original article that a retailer will provide a lower level of effort than is optimal for the manufacturer when the retailer’s margin is small relative to the manufacturer’s margin. The author claimed in his comment on the article that low retail margins do not necessarily lead to inadequate retailer incentives for promotion.
Featured News
Live Nation Faces Growing UK Antitrust Pressure Over Industry Influence
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
Buchanan Ingersoll Expands Antitrust Practice With Washington Hire
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
China Nears Decision in Antitrust Case Against Trip.com
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
EU Intensifies Cartel Probe Into Swiss Chemicals Firm Sika
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
X and Major Music Publishers Settle Parallel Copyright and Antitrust Cases
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
Antitrust Mix by CPI
Antitrust Chronicle® – Antitrust Compliance
Jul 20, 2026 by
CPI
Your Antitrust Compliance Program: A Strong Voice in Your Defense
Jul 20, 2026 by
Joe Murphy
Antitrust Compliance for the AI Pricing Era
Jul 20, 2026 by
Alejandra Uria & Andre Geverola
Race to Report: Antitrust Leniency in the Whistleblower Era
Jul 20, 2026 by
Brian R. Faerstein & Nicole H. Sprinzen
Antitrust-By-Design: Competition Compliance in Digital Markets
Jul 20, 2026 by
Marcos Drummond Malvar, Gabriela Costa Carvalho Forsman & Luciana Mendes